5701da6e5b
* format: fix markdown * update: fix markdown * update: fix cron problems * update: delete .markdownlintignore * update * chore: add tab -> 4 space * chore: fix tab -> 2 in the .editorconfig
237 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
237 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
jq 备忘清单
|
||
===
|
||
|
||
这个快速参考备忘单提供了使用 [jq](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/) 命令的各种方法。
|
||
|
||
入门
|
||
----
|
||
|
||
### 介绍
|
||
|
||
jq 就像用于 JSON 数据的 [sed](./sed.md) - 您可以使用它来切片、过滤、映射和转换结构化数据
|
||
|
||
- [jq 官网](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/) _(stedolan.github.io)_
|
||
- [jq 命令使用](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/jq.html) _(jaywcjlove.github.io)_
|
||
|
||
安装
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ sudo apt-get install jq # Debian& Ubuntu
|
||
$ sudo dnf install jq # Fedora
|
||
$ sudo zypper install jq # openSUSE
|
||
$ sudo pacman -S jq # Arch
|
||
$ brew install jq # macOS & Homebrew
|
||
$ port install jq # macOS & MacPorts
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
语法
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ jq [options] <jq filter> [file...]
|
||
$ jq [options] --args <jq filter> [strings...]
|
||
$ jq [options] --jsonargs <jq filter> [JSON_TEXTS...]
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
### 选项
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
:- | -
|
||
:- | -
|
||
`-c` | 紧凑而不是漂亮的输出
|
||
`-n` | 使用`null`作为单个输入值
|
||
`-e` | 根据输出设置退出状态代码
|
||
`-s` | 将所有输入读取（吸取）到数组中；应用过滤器
|
||
`-r` | 输出原始字符串，而不是JSON文本
|
||
`-R` | 读取原始字符串，而不是JSON文本
|
||
`-C` | 为 JSON 着色
|
||
`-M` | 单色（不要为JSON着色）
|
||
`-S` | 在输出上排序对象的键
|
||
`--tab` | 使用制表符进行缩进
|
||
`--arg a v` | 将变量 `$a` 设置为 value `<v>`
|
||
`--argjson a v` | 将变量 `$a` 设置为 JSON value `<v>`
|
||
`--slurpfile a f` | 将变量 `$a` 设置为从`<f>`读取的JSON文本数组
|
||
`--rawfile a f` | 将变量 `$a` 设置为包含`<f>`内容的字符串
|
||
`--args` | 其余参数是字符串参数，而不是文件
|
||
`--jsonargs` | 其余的参数是JSON参数，而不是文件
|
||
`--` | 终止参数处理
|
||
|
||
学习示例
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 获取一个键的值
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '{"foo": 42, "bar": "less interesting data"}' | jq '.foo'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
42
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 数组运算
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '[{"name":"JSON", "good":true}, {"name":"XML", "good":false}]' | jq '.[1]'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
{
|
||
"name": "XML",
|
||
"good": false
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 构造一个数组/对象
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '{"user":"stedolan","titles":["JQ Primer", "More JQ"]}' | jq '{user, title: .titles[]}'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
{
|
||
"user": "stedolan",
|
||
"title": "JQ Primer"
|
||
}
|
||
{
|
||
"user": "stedolan",
|
||
"title": "More JQ"
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 计算一个值的长度
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '[[1,2], "string", {"a":2}, null]' | jq '.[] | length'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
2
|
||
6
|
||
1
|
||
0
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 取出数组中的键
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '{"abc": 1, "abcd": 2, "Foo": 3}' | jq 'keys'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
[
|
||
"Foo",
|
||
"abc",
|
||
"abcd"
|
||
]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 使用多个过滤器
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '{ "foo": 42, "bar": "something else", "baz": true}' | jq '.foo, .bar'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
42
|
||
"something else"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 管道传递给下一个过滤器
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '[{"name":"JSON", "good":true}, {"name":"XML", "good":false}]' | jq '.[] | .name'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
"JSON"
|
||
"XML"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 条件语句判断
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '[1,5,3,0,7]' | jq 'map(select(. >= 2))'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
[
|
||
5,
|
||
3,
|
||
7
|
||
]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 每个输入调用过滤器
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '[1,2,3]' | jq 'map(.+1)'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
[
|
||
2,
|
||
3,
|
||
4
|
||
]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 条件判断
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '2' | jq 'if . == 0 then "zero" elif . == 1 then "one" else "many" end'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
"many"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 字符串插入值并进行运算
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ echo '42' | jq '"The input was \(.), which is one less than \(.+1)"'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
输出结果
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
"The input was 42, which is one less than 43"
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
另见
|
||
----
|
||
|
||
- [jq 官网](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/) _(stedolan.github.io)_
|
||
- [jq 命令使用](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/c/jq.html) _(jaywcjlove.github.io)_
|