1219 lines
32 KiB
Markdown
1219 lines
32 KiB
Markdown
Github Actions 备忘清单
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====
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本备忘单总结了 [Github Actions](https://github.com/actions) 常用的配置说明,以供快速参考。
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入门
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---
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### 介绍
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GitHub [Actions](https://github.com/actions) 的仓库中自动化、自定义和执行软件开发工作流程,有四个基本的概念,如下:
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:- | :-
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:- | :-
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`workflow` _(工作流程)_ | 持续集成一次运行的过程,就是一个 `workflow`
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`job` _(任务)_ | 一个 `workflow` 由一个或多个 `jobs` 构成,含义是一次持续集成的运行,可以完成多个任务
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`step` _(步骤)_ | 每个 `job` 由多个 `step` 构成,一步步完成
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`action` _(动作)_ | 每个 `step` 可以依次执行一个或多个命令(`action`)
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<!--rehype:className=style-list-arrow-->
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---
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- 采用 [YAML](./yaml.md) 格式定义配置文件
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- 存放在代码仓库的 `.github/workflows` 目录中
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- 后缀名统一为 `.yml`,比如 `ci.yml`
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- 一个库可以有多个 `workflow` 文件
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- 根据配置事件自动运行配置文件
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<!--rehype:className=style-round-->
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### 配置文件
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```yaml {3,5,10}
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name: GitHub Actions Demo
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on:
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push:
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branches:
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- main
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# 任务
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jobs:
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build:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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# 步骤 根据步骤执行任务
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v3
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- uses: actions/setup-node@v3
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with:
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node-version: 16
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- run: npm install
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- run: npm run build
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```
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存放到 `.github/workflows` 目录中,命名为 `ci.yml`,当 `push` 代码到仓库 `main` 分支中,该配置自动运行配置。
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### 指定触发
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
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`push` 事件触发 `workflow`
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```yaml
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on: push
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```
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`push` 事件或 `pull_request` 事件都可以触发 `workflow`
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```yaml
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on: [push, pull_request]
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```
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只有在 `main` 分支 `push` 事件触发 `workflow`
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```yaml {2}
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on:
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push:
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branches:
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- main
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```
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`push` 事件触发 `workflow`,`docs` 目录下的更改 `push` 事件不触发 `workflow`
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```yaml {2,4}
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on:
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push:
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paths-ignore:
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- 'docs/**'
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```
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push 事件触发 workflow,包括 sub-project 目录或其子目录中的文件触发 workflow,除非该文件在 sub-project/docs 目录中,不触发 workflow
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```yaml
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on:
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push:
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paths:
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- 'sub-project/**'
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- '!sub-project/docs/**'
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```
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版本发布为 `published` 时运行工作流程。
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```yml
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on:
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release:
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types: [published]
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```
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### 多项任务
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```yml
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jobs:
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my_first_job: # 第一个任务
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name: My first job
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my_second_job: # 第二个任务
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name: My second job
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```
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通过 jobs `(jobs.<job_id>.name)`字段,配置一项或多项需要执行的任务
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### 多项任务依赖关系
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通过 needs `(jobs.<job_id>.needs)`字段,指定当前任务的依赖关系
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```yml
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jobs:
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job1:
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job2:
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needs: job1
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job3:
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needs: [job1, job2]
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```
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上面配置中,`job1` 必须先于 `job2` 完成,而 `job3` 等待 `job1` 和 `job2` 的完成才能运行。因此,这个 `workflow` 的运行顺序依次为:`job1`、`job2`、`job3`
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### 多项任务传递参数
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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```yml {2,5,9,11,15}
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jobs:
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job1:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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# 将步骤输出映射到作业输出
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outputs:
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output1: ${{ steps.step1.outputs.test }}
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output2: ${{ steps.step2.outputs.test }}
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steps:
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- id: step1
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run: echo "::set-output name=test::hello"
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- id: step2
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run: echo "::set-output name=test::world"
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job2:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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needs: job1
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steps:
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- run: echo ${{needs.job1.outputs.output1}} ${{needs.job1.outputs.output2}}
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```
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### 定时触发
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可以使用 cron 表达式配置周期性任务,定时执行
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```yaml
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name: schedule task
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# 要注意时差,最好手动指定时区
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env:
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TZ: Asia/Shanghai
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on:
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# push 到 main 分支时执行任务
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push:
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branches:
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- main
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# 每隔两小时自动执行任务
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schedule:
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- cron: '0 0/2 * * *'
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```
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### 指定每项任务的虚拟机环境
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```yml
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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```
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指定运行所需要的虚拟机环境,⚠️ 它是必填字段
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```yml {3}
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jobs:
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build: # 任务名称
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest # 虚拟机环境配置
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```
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---
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- `Windows Server 2022` _(windows-latest)_ 或 _(windows-2022)_
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- `Ubuntu 20.04` _(ubuntu-latest)_ 或 _(ubuntu-20.04)_
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- `macOS Monterey 12` _(macos-12)_
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- `macOS Big Sur 11` _(macos-latest)_,_(macos-11)_
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<!--rehype:className=style-arrow-->
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另见: [选择 GitHub 托管的运行器](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#选择-github-托管的运行器)
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### 指定每项任务的步骤
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每个步骤都可以指定以下三个字段
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```shell
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jobs.<job_id>.steps.name # 步骤名称
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# 该步骤运行的命令或者 action
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jobs.<job_id>.steps.run
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# 该步骤所需的环境变量
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jobs.<job_id>.steps.env
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```
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`steps` 字段指定每个 `Job` 的运行步骤,可以包含一个或多个步骤(`steps`)
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```yml {4}
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jobs:
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build:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v3
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- uses: actions/setup-node@v3
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with:
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node-version: 16
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- run: npm install
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- run: npm run build
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```
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### 环境变量
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```shell
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jobs.<job_id>.environment
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```
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使用单一环境名称的示例
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```yml
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environment: staging_environment
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```
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使用环境名称和 URL 的示例
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```yml
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environment:
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name: production_environment
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url: https://github.com
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```
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#### 自定义环境变量
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`GitHub` 会保留 `GITHUB_` 环境变量前缀供 `GitHub` 内部使用。设置有 `GITHUB_` 前缀的环境变量或密码将导致错误。
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```yml
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- name: 测试 nodejs 获取环境变量
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env:
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API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.API_TOKEN }}
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```
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在 `https://github.com/<用户名>/<项目名称>/settings/secrets` 中添加 `secrets` `API_TOKEN`,在工作流中设置环境变量 [`API_TOKEN`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-actions/blob/799b232fca3d9df0272eaa12610f9ebfca51b288/.github/workflows/ci.yml#L46)
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### 表达式
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在 `if` 条件下使用表达式时,可以省略表达式语法 (`${{ }}`),因为 GitHub 会自动将 `if` 条件作为表达式求值
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```yml {3}
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steps:
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- uses: actions/hello-world-action@v1.1
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if: github.repository == 'uiw/uiw-repo'
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# if: ${{ <expression> }}
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```
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设置环境变量的示例
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```yml
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env:
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MY_ENV_VAR: ${{ <expression> }}
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```
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#### 操作符
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- `( )` _(逻辑分组)_
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- `[ ]` _(索引)_
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- `.` _(属性解引用)_
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- `!` _(非)_
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- `<` _(小于)_
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- `<=` _(小于或等于)_
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- `>` _(大于)_
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- `>=` _(大于或等于)_
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- `==` _(相等)_
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- `!=` _(不等)_
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- `&&` _(和)_
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- `||` _(或)_
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<!--rehype:className=cols-2 style-none-->
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### Github 上下文
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-3-->
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属性名称 | 类型 | 描述
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---- | ---- | ----
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`github` _(object)_ | 工作流程中任何作业或步骤期间可用的顶层上下文。
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`github.event` _(object)_ | 完整事件 web 挂钩有效负载。 更多信息请参阅“触发工作流程的事件”。
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`github.event_path` _(string)_ | 运行器上完整事件 web 挂钩有效负载的路径。
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`github.workflow` _(string)_ | 工作流程的名称。 如果工作流程文件未指定 name,此属性的值将是仓库中工作流程文件的完整路径。
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`github.job` _(string)_ | 当前作业的 job_id。
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`github.run_id` _(string)_ | 仓库中每个运行的唯一编号。 如果您重新执行工作流程运行,此编号不变。
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`github.run_number` _(string)_ | 仓库中特定工作流程每个运行的唯一编号。 此编号从 1(对应于工作流程的第一个运行)开始,然后随着每个新的运行而递增。 如果您重新执行工作流程运行,此编号不变。
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`github.actor` _(string)_ | 发起工作流程运行的用户的登录名。
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`github.repository` _(string)_ | 所有者和仓库名称。 例如 Codertocat/Hello-World。
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`github.repository_owner` _(string)_ | 仓库所有者的名称。 例如 Codertocat。
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`github.event_name` _(string)_ | 触发工作流程运行的事件的名称。
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`github.sha` _(string)_ | 触发工作流程的提交 SHA。
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`github.ref` _(string)_ | 触发工作流程的分支或标记参考。
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`github.head_ref` _(string)_ | 工作流程运行中拉取请求的 head_ref 或来源分支。 此属性仅在触发工作流程运行的事件为 pull_request 时才可用。
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`github.base_ref` _(string)_ | 工作流程运行中拉取请求的 base_ref 或目标分支。 此属性仅在触发工作流程运行的事件为 pull_request 时才可用。
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`github.token` _(string)_ | 代表仓库上安装的 GitHub 应用程序进行身份验证的令牌。 这在功能上等同于 GITHUB_TOKEN 密码。 更多信息请参阅“使用 GITHUB_TOKEN 验证身份”。
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`github.workspace` _(string)_ | 使用 checkout 操作时步骤的默认工作目录和仓库的默认位置。
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`github.action` _(string)_ | 正在运行的操作的名称。 在当前步骤运行脚本时,GitHub 删除特殊字符或使用名称 run。 如果在同一作业中多次使用相同的操作,则名称将包括带有序列号的后缀。 例如,运行的第一个脚本名称为 run1,则第二个脚本将命名为 run2。 同样,actions/checkout 第二次调用时将变成 actionscheckout2。
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<!--rehype:className=style-list-arrow-->
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[Github 上下文](https://help.github.com/cn/actions/reference/context-and-expression-syntax-for-github-actions)是访问有关工作流运行、运行器环境、作业和步骤的信息的一种方式
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### 直接常量
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作为表达式的一部分,可以使用 `boolean`, `null`, `number` 或 `string`数据类型
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```yml
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env:
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myNull: ${{ null }}
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myBoolean: ${{ false }}
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myIntegerNumber: ${{ 711 }}
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myFloatNumber: ${{ -9.2 }}
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myHexNumber: ${{ 0xff }}
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myExponentialNumber: ${{ -2.99e-2 }}
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myString: Mona the Octocat
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myStringInBraces: ${{ 'It''s source!' }}
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```
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### 函数 contains
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使用字符串的示例
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```js
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contains('Hello world', 'llo') // 返回 true
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```
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使用对象过滤器的示例返回 true
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```js
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contains(github.event.issue.labels.*.name, 'bug')
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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另见: [函数 contains](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#contains)
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### 函数 startsWith
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```js
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startsWith('Hello world', 'He') // 返回 true
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```
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另见: [函数 startsWith](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#startswith),此函数不区分大小写
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### 默认环境变量
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-8 col-span-2-->
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环境变量 | 描述
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---- | ----
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`CI` | 始终设置为 `true`
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`HOME` | 用于存储用户数据的 GitHub 主目录路径。 例如 `/github/home`
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`GITHUB_WORKFLOW` | 工作流程的名称。
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`GITHUB_RUN_ID` | 仓库中每个运行的唯一编号。 如果您重新执行工作流程运行,此编号不变。
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`GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER` | 仓库中特定工作流程每个运行的唯一编号。 此编号从 1(对应于工作流程的第一个运行)开始,然后随着每个新的运行而递增。 如果您重新执行工作流程运行,此编号不变。
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`GITHUB_ACTION` | 操作唯一的标识符 (id)。
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`GITHUB_ACTIONS` | 当 GitHub 操作 运行工作流程时,始终设置为 true。 您可以使用此变量来区分测试是在本地运行还是通过 GitHub 操作 运行。
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`GITHUB_ACTION_PATH` | GitHub 操作所在的路径
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`GITHUB_ACTOR` | 发起工作流程的个人或应用程序的名称。 例如 octocat
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`GITHUB_API_URL` | 返回 `API URL`。例如:`https://api.github.com`
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`GITHUB_REPOSITORY` | 所有者和仓库名称。 例如 octocat/Hello-World
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`GITHUB_EVENT_NAME` | 触发工作流程的 web 挂钩事件的名称
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`GITHUB_EVENT_PATH` | 具有完整 web 挂钩事件有效负载的文件路径。 例如 /github/workflow/event.json
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`GITHUB_WORKSPACE` | GitHub 工作空间目录路径。 如果您的工作流程使用 [actions/checkout](https://github.com/actions/checkout) 操作,工作空间目录将包含存储仓库副本的子目录。 如果不使用 [actions/checkout](https://github.com/actions/checkout) 操作,该目录将为空。 例如 /home |/runner/work/my-repo-name/my-repo-name
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`GITHUB_SHA` | 触发工作流程的提交 SHA。 例如 ffac537e6cbbf9
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`GITHUB_REF` | 触发工作流程的分支或标记参考。 例如 refs/heads/feature-branch-1。 如果分支或标记都不适用于事件类型,则变量不会存在
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`GITHUB_HEAD_REF` | 仅为复刻的仓库设置。头部仓库的分支
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`GITHUB_BASE_REF` | 仅为复刻的仓库设置。基础仓库的分支
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<!--rehype:className=style-list-arrow-->
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另见: [默认环境变量](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/environment-variables#default-environment-variables)
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### 函数 format
|
||
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```js
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format('{{Hello {0} {1} {2}!}}', 'Mona', 'the', 'Octocat')
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// 返回 '{Hello Mona the Octocat!}'.
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
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另见: [函数 format](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#format)
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### 函数 join
|
||
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```js
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join(github.event.issue.labels.*.name,', ')
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// 也许返回 'bug, help wanted'.
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||
```
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另见: [函数 join](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#join)
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### 函数 toJSON
|
||
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||
```js
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toJSON(job)
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// 也许返回 { "status": "Success" }.
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||
```
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|
||
另见: [函数 toJSON](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#tojson)
|
||
|
||
### 函数
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
:- | :-
|
||
:- | :-
|
||
`fromJSON` | 返回 JSON 对象或 JSON 数据类型的值 [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#fromjson)
|
||
`hashFiles` | 返回与路径模式匹配的文件集的单个哈希 [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#hashfiles)
|
||
`success` | 当前面的步骤都没失败或被取消时返回 true [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#success)
|
||
`always` | 使步骤始终执行,返回 `true` 即使取消也是如此 [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#always)
|
||
`cancelled` | 如果工作流被取消,则返回 true [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#cancelled)
|
||
`failure` | 当作业的任何先前步骤失败时返回 true [#](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#failure)
|
||
|
||
### 函数 success()
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
steps:
|
||
...
|
||
- name: 作业已成功
|
||
if: ${{ success() }}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 函数 failure()
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
steps:
|
||
...
|
||
- name: 作业失败
|
||
if: ${{ failure() }}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
常用实例
|
||
----
|
||
|
||
### 获取版本信息
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Test
|
||
run: |
|
||
# Strip git ref prefix from version
|
||
echo "${{ github.ref }}"
|
||
# VERSION=$(echo "${{ github.ref }}" | sed -e 's,.*/\(.*\),\1,')
|
||
|
||
# # Strip "v" prefix from tag name
|
||
# [[ "${{ github.ref }}" == "refs/tags/"* ]] && VERSION=$(echo $VERSION | sed -e 's/^v//')
|
||
echo "$VERSION"
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
### 提交到 gh-pages 分支
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Deploy
|
||
uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
github_token: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
|
||
publish_dir: ./build
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 修改 package.json
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Modify Version
|
||
shell: bash
|
||
run: |
|
||
node -e 'var pkg = require("./package.json"); pkg.version= (new Date().getFullYear().toString().substr(2)) + "." + (new Date().getMonth() + 1) + "." + (new Date().getDate()); require("fs").writeFileSync("./package.json", JSON.stringify(pkg, null, 2))'
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
使用 [github-action-package](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-package) 修改 `name` 字段
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: package.json info
|
||
uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-package@main
|
||
with:
|
||
rename: '@wcj/github-package-test'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 克隆带有 Submodule 的仓库
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Checkout
|
||
uses: actions/checkout@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
path: main
|
||
submodules: true
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
`submodules`:`true` 检出子模块或 `recursive` 递归检出子模块
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Clone sub repository
|
||
shell: bash
|
||
run: |
|
||
auth_header="$(git config --local --get http.https://github.com/.extraheader)"
|
||
# git submodule sync --recursive
|
||
# git -c "http.extraheader=$auth_header" -c protocol.version=2 submodule update --init --remote --force --recursive --checkout ant.design
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 步骤依赖作业
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
使用 `jobs.<job_id>.needs` 识别在此作业运行之前必须成功完成的任何作业。它可以是一个字符串,也可以是字符串数组。 如果某个作业失败,则所有需要它的作业都会被跳过,除非这些作业使用让该作业继续的条件表达式。
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
job1:
|
||
job2:
|
||
needs: job1
|
||
job3:
|
||
needs: [job1, job2]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在此示例中,`job1` 必须在 `job2` 开始之前成功完成,而 `job3` 要等待 `job1` 和 `job2` 完成。此示例中的作业按顺序运行:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
❶ job1
|
||
❷ job2
|
||
❸ job3
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
配置如下
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
job1:
|
||
job2:
|
||
needs: job1
|
||
job3:
|
||
if: ${{ always() }}
|
||
needs: [job1, job2]
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在此示例中,`job3` 使用 `always()` 条件表达式,因此它始终在 `job1` 和 `job2` 完成后运行,不管它们是否成功。
|
||
|
||
### 同步 Gitee
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Sync to Gitee
|
||
run: |
|
||
mirror() {
|
||
git clone "https://github.com/$1/$2"
|
||
cd "$2"
|
||
git remote add gitee "https://jaywcjlove:${{ secrets.GITEE_TOKEN }}@gitee.com/uiw/$2"
|
||
git remote set-head origin -d
|
||
git push gitee --prune +refs/remotes/origin/*:refs/heads/* +refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*
|
||
cd ..
|
||
}
|
||
mirror uiwjs uiw
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
### 提交 NPM 包
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- run: npm publish --access public
|
||
env:
|
||
NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{secrets.NPM_TOKEN}}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
获取 `NPM_TOKEN`,可以通过 [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/settings/wcjiang/tokens) 账号创建 `token`
|
||
|
||
```shell
|
||
npm token list [--json|--parseable] # 查看
|
||
npm token create [--read-only] [--cidr=1.1.1.1/24,2.2.2.2/16] # 创建
|
||
npm token revoke <id|token> # 撤销
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
可以使用 [JS-DevTools/npm-publish](https://github.com/JS-DevTools/npm-publish) 提交
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: 📦 @province-city-china/data
|
||
uses: JS-DevTools/npm-publish@v1
|
||
with:
|
||
token: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
|
||
package: packages/data/package.json
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
它有个好处,检测 `package.json` 中版本号是否发生变更,来决定是否提交版本,不会引发流程错误。
|
||
|
||
### 步骤作业文件共享
|
||
|
||
Artifacts 是 GitHub Actions 为您提供持久文件并在运行完成后使用它们或在作业(文档)之间共享的一种方式。
|
||
|
||
- 要创建工件并使用它,您将需要不同的操作:上传和下载
|
||
|
||
要上传文件或目录,您只需像这样使用它:
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
steps:
|
||
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
|
||
- run: mkdir -p path/to/artifact
|
||
- run: echo hello > path/to/file/a.txt
|
||
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
|
||
with:
|
||
name: my-artifact
|
||
path: path/to/artifact/a.txt
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
然后下载 `artifact` 以使用它:
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
steps:
|
||
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
|
||
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
|
||
with:
|
||
name: my-artifact
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Node.js
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Setup Node
|
||
uses: actions/setup-node@v2
|
||
with:
|
||
node-version: 14
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
使用[矩阵策略](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idstrategy) 在 nodejs 不同版本中运行
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
strategy:
|
||
matrix:
|
||
node-version: [10.x, 12.x, 14.x]
|
||
|
||
steps:
|
||
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
|
||
- name: 使用 Node ${{ matrix.node-version }}
|
||
uses: actions/setup-node@v1
|
||
with:
|
||
node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
|
||
- run: npm ci
|
||
- run: npm run build --if-present
|
||
- run: npm test
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 提交 docker 镜像
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
# https://www.basefactor.com/github-actions-docker
|
||
- name: Docker login
|
||
run: docker login -u ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }} -p ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
|
||
|
||
- name: Build ant.design image
|
||
run: |
|
||
cd ./ant\.design
|
||
docker build -t ant.design .
|
||
- name: Tags & Push docs
|
||
run: |
|
||
# Strip git ref prefix from version
|
||
VERSION=$(echo "${{ github.ref }}" | sed -e 's,.*/\(.*\),\1,')
|
||
|
||
# Strip "v" prefix from tag name
|
||
[[ "${{ github.ref }}" == "refs/tags/"* ]] && VERSION=$(echo $VERSION | sed -e 's/^v//')
|
||
|
||
docker tag ant.design ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/ant.design:$VERSION
|
||
docker tag ant.design ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/ant.design:latest
|
||
docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/ant.design:$VERSION
|
||
docker push ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/ant.design:latest
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 创建一个 tag
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Create Tag
|
||
id: create_tag
|
||
uses: jaywcjlove/create-tag-action@main
|
||
with:
|
||
package-path: ./package.json
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
根据 `package-path` 指定的 `package.json` 检测 `version` 是否发生变化来创建 `tag`
|
||
|
||
### 生成 git 提交日志
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Generate Changelog
|
||
id: changelog
|
||
uses: jaywcjlove/changelog-generator@main
|
||
with:
|
||
filter-author: (小弟调调™)
|
||
|
||
- name: Get the changelog
|
||
run: echo "${{ steps.changelog.outputs.changelog }}"
|
||
```
|
||
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
||
|
||
### 提交到 GitHub docker 镜像仓库
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: '登录到 GitHub 注册表'
|
||
run: echo ${{ github.token }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin
|
||
|
||
- name: '编译 docker image'
|
||
run: docker build -t ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:latest .
|
||
|
||
- name: '推送到 GitHub 注册表中'
|
||
run: docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:latest
|
||
|
||
- name: '标记 docker 镜像并发布到 GitHub 注册表'
|
||
if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful
|
||
run: |
|
||
echo "version: v${{ steps.changelog.outputs.version }}"
|
||
docker tag ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:latest ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}}
|
||
docker push ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 提交 commit 到 master 分支
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: 生成一个文件,并将它提交到 master 分支
|
||
run: |
|
||
# Strip git ref prefix from version
|
||
VERSION=$(echo "${{ github.ref }}" | sed -e 's,.*/\(.*\),\1,')
|
||
COMMIT=released-${VERSION}
|
||
# Strip "v" prefix from tag name
|
||
[[ "${{ github.ref }}" == "refs/tags/"* ]] && VERSION=$(echo $VERSION | sed -e 's/^v//')
|
||
echo "输出版本号:$VERSION"
|
||
# 将版本输出到当前 VERSION 文件中
|
||
echo "$VERSION" > VERSION
|
||
echo "1. 输出Commit:$commit"
|
||
echo "2. Released $VERSION"
|
||
git fetch
|
||
git config --local user.email "action@github.com"
|
||
git config --local user.name "GitHub Action"
|
||
git add .
|
||
git commit -am $COMMIT
|
||
git branch -av
|
||
git pull origin master
|
||
|
||
- name: 将上面的提交 push 到 master 分支
|
||
uses: ad-m/github-push-action@master
|
||
with:
|
||
github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 作业之间共享数据
|
||
|
||
创建一个文件,然后将其作为构件上传
|
||
|
||
```yml {11}
|
||
jobs:
|
||
example-job:
|
||
name: Save output
|
||
steps:
|
||
- shell: bash
|
||
run: |
|
||
expr 1 + 1 > output.log
|
||
- name: Upload output file
|
||
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
name: output-log-file
|
||
path: output.log
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
可以下载名为 `output-log-file` 的工件
|
||
|
||
```yml {7}
|
||
jobs:
|
||
example-job:
|
||
steps:
|
||
- name: Download a single artifact
|
||
uses: actions/download-artifact@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
name: output-log-file
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 指定运行命令的工作目录
|
||
|
||
```yml {3}
|
||
- name: Clean temp directory
|
||
run: rm -rf *
|
||
working-directory: ./temp
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
使用 `working-directory` 关键字,您可以指定运行命令的工作目录(`./temp`)
|
||
|
||
#### defaults.run
|
||
|
||
```yml {4,5,7}
|
||
jobs:
|
||
job1:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
defaults:
|
||
run:
|
||
shell: bash
|
||
working-directory: scripts
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
作业中的所有 `run` 步骤提供默认的 `shell` 和 `working-directory`
|
||
|
||
### jobs.<job_id>.steps[*].shell
|
||
|
||
使用 `bash` 运行脚本
|
||
|
||
```yml {4}
|
||
steps:
|
||
- name: Display the path
|
||
run: echo $PATH
|
||
shell: bash
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
运行 `python` 脚本
|
||
|
||
```yml {6}
|
||
steps:
|
||
- name: Display the path
|
||
run: |
|
||
import os
|
||
print(os.environ['PATH'])
|
||
shell: python
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
您可以使用 `shell` 关键字覆盖运行器操作系统中的默认 `shell` 设置
|
||
|
||
### 一些 actions 推荐
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
:- | :-
|
||
:- | :-
|
||
[`create-tag-action`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/create-tag-action) | 根据 package.json 创建 `Tag` / `Release`
|
||
[`changelog-generator`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/changelog-generator) | 生成 `changelog` 日志
|
||
[`github-action-modify-file-content`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-modify-file-content) | 修改仓库文件内容
|
||
[`github-action-contributors`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors) | 生成贡献(contributors.svg)图片
|
||
[`generated-badges`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/generated-badges) | 生成徽章(Badges)图片
|
||
[`coverage-badges-cli`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/coverage-badges-cli) | 生成覆盖率徽章(Badges)图片
|
||
[`action-ejs`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/action-ejs) | 基于 ejs 生成 HTML
|
||
[`github-action-package`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-package) | 修改 JSON 文件内容
|
||
[`github-action-read-file`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/github-action-read-file) | 读取文件内容
|
||
[`markdown-to-html-cli`](https://github.com/jaywcjlove/markdown-to-html-cli) | Markdown 转换成 HTML
|
||
[`ncipollo/release-action`](https://github.com/ncipollo/release-action) | 创建 `Release`
|
||
[`peaceiris/actions-gh-pages`](https://github.com/peaceiris/actions-gh-pages) | 将文件或文件夹内容提交到 `gh-pages` 分支
|
||
<!--rehype:className=style-list-->
|
||
|
||
### 在 Github 中创建 Docker 镜像
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
|
||
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
|
||
- name: 登录 GitHub 容器注册表
|
||
uses: docker/login-action@v2
|
||
with:
|
||
registry: ghcr.io
|
||
username: ${{ github.actor }}
|
||
password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
|
||
|
||
- name: 构建并推送 image:latest
|
||
uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
push: true
|
||
context: .
|
||
platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
|
||
tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:latest
|
||
|
||
- name: 构建并推送 image:tags
|
||
uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
|
||
if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful
|
||
with:
|
||
push: true
|
||
context: .
|
||
platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
|
||
tags: ghcr.io/jaywcjlove/reference:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 在 Docker Hub 中创建 Docker 镜像
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-3-->
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
|
||
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
|
||
- name: 登录到 Docker Hub
|
||
uses: docker/login-action@v2
|
||
with:
|
||
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
|
||
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
|
||
|
||
- name: 构建并推送 image:latest
|
||
uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
push: true
|
||
context: .
|
||
platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
|
||
tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/reference:latest
|
||
|
||
- name: 构建并推送 image:tags
|
||
uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
|
||
if: steps.create_tag.outputs.successful
|
||
with:
|
||
push: true
|
||
context: .
|
||
platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
|
||
tags: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}/reference:${{steps.changelog.outputs.version}}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 检查签出仓库并安装 nodejs
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
|
||
- uses: actions/setup-node@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
node-version: 16
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 生成贡献者头像列表
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Generate Contributors Images
|
||
uses: jaywcjlove/github-action-contributors@main
|
||
id: contributors
|
||
with:
|
||
output: dist/CONTRIBUTORS.svg
|
||
avatarSize: 42
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 忽略失败
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- run: npm publish
|
||
continue-on-error: true
|
||
env:
|
||
NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
当 `npm` 推送包失败不影响整个流程,可用于自动发包
|
||
|
||
GitLab CI/CD 迁移到 GitHub Actions
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
### 语法示例
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
job1:
|
||
variables:
|
||
GIT_CHECKOUT: "true"
|
||
script:
|
||
- echo "Run your script here"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
job1:
|
||
steps:
|
||
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
|
||
- run: echo "Run your script here"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 运行程序
|
||
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
windows_job:
|
||
tags:
|
||
- windows
|
||
script:
|
||
- echo Hello, %USERNAME%!
|
||
|
||
linux_job: tags:
|
||
- linux script:
|
||
- echo "Hello, $USER!"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
windows_job:
|
||
runs-on: windows-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo Hello, %USERNAME%!
|
||
|
||
linux_job:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "Hello, $USER!"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在不同的平台上运行作业
|
||
|
||
### Docker 映像
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
my_job:
|
||
image: node:10.16-jessie
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
my_job:
|
||
container: node:10.16-jessie
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 条件和表达式语法
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
deploy_prod:
|
||
stage: deploy
|
||
script:
|
||
- echo "部署到生产服务器"
|
||
rules:
|
||
- if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "master"'
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
deploy_prod:
|
||
if: contains( github.ref, 'master')
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "部署到生产服务器"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Artifacts
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
script:
|
||
artifacts:
|
||
paths:
|
||
- math-homework.txt
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
- name: Upload math result for job 1
|
||
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
name: homework
|
||
path: math-homework.txt
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 作业之间的依赖关系
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
stages:
|
||
- build
|
||
- test
|
||
- deploy
|
||
|
||
build_a: stage: build script:
|
||
- echo "该作业将首先运行"
|
||
|
||
build_b: stage: build script:
|
||
- echo "该作业将首先运行,与 build_a 并行"
|
||
|
||
test_ab: stage: test script:
|
||
- echo "此作业将在 build_a 和 build_b 完成后运行"
|
||
|
||
deploy_ab: stage: deploy script:
|
||
- echo "此作业将在 test_ab 完成后运行"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
build_a:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "该作业将首先运行"
|
||
|
||
build_b:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "该作业将首先运行,与 build_a 并行"
|
||
|
||
test_ab:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
needs: [build_a,build_b]
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "此作业将在 build_a 和 build_b 完成后运行"
|
||
|
||
deploy_ab:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
needs: [test_ab]
|
||
steps:
|
||
- run: echo "此作业将在 test_ab 完成后运行"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 缓存
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
image: node:latest
|
||
|
||
cache: key: $CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG paths:
|
||
- .npm/
|
||
|
||
before_script:
|
||
- npm ci --cache .npm --prefer-offline
|
||
|
||
test_async: script:
|
||
- node ./specs/start.js ./specs/async.spec.js
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
test_async:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
steps:
|
||
- name: Cache node modules
|
||
uses: actions/cache@v3
|
||
with:
|
||
path: ~/.npm
|
||
key: v1-npm-deps-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }}
|
||
restore-keys: v1-npm-deps-
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 数据库和服务容器
|
||
|
||
<yel>GitLab CI/CD</yel>
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
container-job:
|
||
variables:
|
||
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
|
||
# PostgreSQL 服务容器通信的主机名
|
||
POSTGRES_HOST: postgres
|
||
# 默认的 PostgreSQL 端口
|
||
POSTGRES_PORT: 5432
|
||
image: node:10.18-jessie
|
||
services:
|
||
- postgres
|
||
script:
|
||
# 执行 package.json 文件中
|
||
# 所有依赖项的全新安装
|
||
- npm ci
|
||
# 运行创建 PostgreSQL 客户端的脚本,
|
||
# 用数据填充客户端,并检索数据
|
||
- node client.js
|
||
tags:
|
||
- docker
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
GitHub Actions
|
||
|
||
```yml
|
||
jobs:
|
||
container-job:
|
||
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
|
||
container: node:10.18-jessie
|
||
|
||
services:
|
||
postgres:
|
||
image: postgres
|
||
env:
|
||
POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
|
||
|
||
steps:
|
||
- name: Check out repository code
|
||
uses: actions/checkout@v3
|
||
|
||
# 执行 package.json 文件中
|
||
# 所有依赖项的全新安装
|
||
- name: Install dependencies
|
||
run: npm ci
|
||
|
||
- name: Connect to PostgreSQL
|
||
# 运行创建 PostgreSQL 客户端的脚本,
|
||
# 用数据填充客户端,并检索数据
|
||
run: node client.js
|
||
env:
|
||
# PostgreSQL 服务容器通信的主机名
|
||
POSTGRES_HOST: postgres
|
||
# 默认的 PostgreSQL 端口
|
||
POSTGRES_PORT: 5432
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
另见
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
- [Github Actions 学习笔记](https://jaywcjlove.github.io/github-actions) _(jaywcjlove.github.io)_
|
||
- [了解 GitHub Actions](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/learn-github-actions) _(docs.github.com)_
|
||
- [从 GitLab CI/CD 迁移到 GitHub Actions](https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/migrating-to-github-actions/migrating-from-gitlab-cicd-to-github-actions) _(docs.github.com)_
|