doc: update docs/fastapi.md
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FastAPI 备忘清单
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FastAPI 备忘清单
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===
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===
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FastAPI 是一个用于构建 API 的现代、快速(高性能)的 web 框架,使用 Python 3.6+ 并基于标准的 Python 类型提示。Python: `3.9.5` FastAPI: `0.103.1`
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一个用于构建 API 的现代、快速(高性能)的 web 框架,使用 Python 3.6+ 并基于标准的 Python 类型提示
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入门
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入门
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---
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---
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<!--rehype:body-class=cols-2-->
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<!--rehype:body-class=cols-2-->
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### 安装 FastAPI
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```shell
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$ pip install "fastapi[all]"
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```
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#### 可以分开来安装
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假如你想将应用程序部署到生产环境,你可能要执行以下操作:
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```shell
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$ pip install fastapi
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```
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并且安装 `uvicorn` 来作为服务器:
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```shell
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$ pip install "uvicorn[standard]"
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```
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#### 运行代码
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```shell
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$ uvicorn main:app --reload
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```
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Python: `3.9.5` FastAPI: `0.103.1`
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### 最小程序
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### 最小程序
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下面代码会直接启动http服务,也可以使用 `uvicorn main:app --reload`
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下面代码会直接启动http服务,也可以使用 `uvicorn main:app --reload`
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@ -133,11 +161,13 @@ async def read_user_item(item_id: str, needy: str):
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```python
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```python
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from pydantic import BaseModel
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from pydantic import BaseModel
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from typing import Union
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from typing import Union
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class Item(BaseModel):
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class Item(BaseModel):
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name: str = '小明'
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name: str = '小明'
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description: Union[str, None] = None
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description: Union[str, None] = None
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price: float
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price: float
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tax: Union[float, None] = None
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tax: Union[float, None] = None
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@app.post("/items/")
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@app.post("/items/")
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async def create_item(item: Item):
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async def create_item(item: Item):
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print(item.name)
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print(item.name)
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@ -163,6 +193,7 @@ curl -X 'POST' \
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```python
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```python
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from fastapi import Query
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from fastapi import Query
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@app.get("/items/")
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@app.get("/items/")
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async def read_items(
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async def read_items(
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q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, max_length=50)
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q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, max_length=50)
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@ -177,12 +208,12 @@ async def read_items(
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| 参数 | 含义 | 类型 |
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| 参数 | 含义 | 类型 |
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| ---------- | ------------ | ------------- |
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| ---------- | ------------ | ------------- |
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| default | 默认值 | 任意类型或... |
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| `default` | 默认值 | 任意类型或... |
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| max_length | 最大长度 | int |
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| `max_length` | 最大长度 | `int` |
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| min_length | 最小长度 | int |
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| `min_length` | 最小长度 | `int` |
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| pattern | 正则匹配 | string |
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| `pattern` | 正则匹配 | `string` |
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| alias | 别名参数 | string |
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| `alias` | 别名参数 | `string` |
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| deprecated | 准备弃用参数 | bool |
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| `deprecated` | 准备弃用参数 | `bool` |
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#### 多个相同的查询参数
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#### 多个相同的查询参数
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@ -225,21 +256,22 @@ async def read_items(
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| 参数 | 含义 | 类型 |
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| 参数 | 含义 | 类型 |
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| ----- | ------------------- | --------- |
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| ----- | ------------------- | --------- |
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| ... | 和Query具有相同参数 | ... |
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| `...` | 和 Query 具有相同参数 | ... |
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| ge | 大于等于 | int float |
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| `ge` | 大于等于 | `int float` |
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| gt | 大于 | int float |
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| `gt` | 大于 | `int float` |
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| le | 小于等于 | int float |
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| `le` | 小于等于 | `int float` |
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| le | 小于等于 | int float |
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| `le` | 小于等于 | `int float` |
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| title | api文档的标题 | string |
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| `title` | api文档的标题 | `string` |
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### 其他参数
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### 其他参数
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都具有 Query 的参数,max_length、min_length等
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都具有 `Query` 的参数,`max_length`、`min_length` 等
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#### Cookie参数
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#### Cookie参数
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```python
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```python
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from fastapi import Cookie
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from fastapi import Cookie
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@app.get("/items/")
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@app.get("/items/")
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async def read_items(
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async def read_items(
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ads_id: Annotated[Union[str, None], Cookie()] = None
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ads_id: Annotated[Union[str, None], Cookie()] = None
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@ -251,6 +283,7 @@ async def read_items(
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```python
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```python
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from fastapi import Header
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from fastapi import Header
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@app.get("/items/")
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@app.get("/items/")
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async def read_items(
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async def read_items(
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user_agent: Annotated[Union[str, None], Header()] = None,
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user_agent: Annotated[Union[str, None], Header()] = None,
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@ -265,7 +298,9 @@ async def read_items(
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#### 安装
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#### 安装
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`pip install python-multipart`
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```shell
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$ pip install python-multipart
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```
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#### HTML
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#### HTML
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@ -301,14 +336,17 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
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```
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```
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### 文件上传
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### 文件上传
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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```python
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```python
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from fastapi import FastAPI, UploadFile
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from fastapi import FastAPI, UploadFile
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from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
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from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
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@app.post("/uploadfile/")
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@app.post("/uploadfile/")
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async def create_upload_file(file: UploadFile):
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async def create_upload_file(file: UploadFile):
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print(file.file.read().decode())
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print(file.file.read().decode())
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return {"filenames": file.filename, "type": str(type(file.file))}
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return {"filenames": file.filename, "type": str(type(file.file))}
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@app.get("/")
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@app.get("/")
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async def main():
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async def main():
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content = """<body>
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content = """<body>
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@ -324,18 +362,20 @@ async def main():
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| 属性名 | 含义 | 返回 |
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| 属性名 | 含义 | 返回 |
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| ------------ | -------- | --------------------------------------- |
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| ------------ | -------- | --------------------------------------- |
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| filename | 文件名 | 上传的文件名 |
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| `filename` | 文件名 | 上传的文件名 |
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| content_type | 内容类型 | MIME 类型 |
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| `content_type` | 内容类型 | `MIME` 类型 |
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| file | 文件 | SpooledTemporaryFile具有read,write方法 |
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| `file` | 文件 | SpooledTemporaryFile 具有 `read`,`write` 方法 |
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<!--rehype:className=left-align-->
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#### UploadFile async 方法
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#### UploadFile async 方法
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| 方法名 | 含义 |
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| 方法名 | 含义 |
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| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
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| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
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| write(data) | 把 `data` 写入文件 |
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| `write(data)` | 把 `data` 写入文件 |
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| read(size) | 按指定数量的字节读取文件内容 |
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| `read(size)` | 按指定数量的字节读取文件内容 |
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| seek(offset) | 移动至文件 `offset` (`int`)字节处的位置 |
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| `seek(offset)` | 移动至文件 `offset` (`int`)字节处的位置 |
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| close() | 关闭文件 |
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| `close()` | 关闭文件 |
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<!--rehype:className=left-align-->
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依赖项
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依赖项
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---
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---
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