2022-10-25 14:47:18 +08:00
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SwiftUI 2.0 备忘清单
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===
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该备忘单提供了使用 [SwiftUI](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/swiftui/) 的标签的一些示例等
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入门
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---
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### 介绍
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[SwiftUI](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/swiftui/) 提供用于声明应用程序用户界面的视图、控件和布局结构
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- [SwiftUI Document](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/swiftui/) _(apple.com)_
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- [SwiftUI 2.0 备忘清单](https://wangchujiang.com/swiftui-example/cheat-sheet.html) _(swiftui-example)_
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- [Swift 备忘清单](./swift.md) _(jaywcjlove.github.io)_
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```swift
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import SwiftUI
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struct AlbumDetail: View {
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var album: Album
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var body: some View {
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List(album.songs) { song in
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HStack {
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Image(album.cover)
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VStack(alignment: .leading) {
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Text(song.title)
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### SwiftUI 与 UIKit 效果一致
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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- [Text](#text) & [Label](#label) _(UILabel)_
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- [Image](#image-图片) _(UIImageView)_
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- [TextField](#texteditor-多行可滚动文本编辑器) / [SecureField](#securefield-密码输入框) _(UITextField)_
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- [TextEditor](#texteditor-多行可滚动文本编辑器) _(UITextView)_
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- [Toggle](#toggle-开关选择器) _(UISwitch)_
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- [Slider](#slider-滑动输入条) _(UISlider)_
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- [Button](#button-按钮控件)/ [Link](#link) _(UIButton)_
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- [List](#link) _(UITableView)_
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- [LazyVGrid](#lazyvgrid) / [LazyHGrid](#lazyhgrid) _(UICollectionView)_
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- [NavigationView](#navigationview) _(UINavigationController)_
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- [TabView](#tabview) _(UITabBarController)_
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- [Alert](#alert) _(UIAlertController 带有样式 .alert)_
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- [ActionSheet](#actionsheet) _(UIAlertController 带有样式 .actionSheet)_
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- [HStack](#hstack) / [LazyHStack](#lazyhstack) _(UIStackView 带水平轴)_
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- [VStack](#vstack) / [LazyVStack](#lazyvstack) _(UIStackView 带垂直轴)_
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- [Picker](#picker-选择控件) _(UISegmentedControl)_
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- [Stepper](#stepper-执行语义递增和递减操作的控件) _(UIStepper)_
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- [DatePicker](#datepicker-日期控件) _(UIDatePicker)_
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2022-11-11 01:51:54 +08:00
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- [Text](#text) _(NSAttributedString)无等效项)_
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2022-10-25 14:47:18 +08:00
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- [Map](#map-地图界面的视图) _(MapKit)_
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- [ProgressView](#progressview-进度视图) _(UIProgressView)_
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- [Shape](#shape) / [Rectangle](#shape) / [Circle](#shape)
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<!--rehype:className=cols-2-->
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View(视图)
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---
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### Text
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要在UI中显示文本,只需编写:
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```swift
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Text("Hello World")
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```
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添加样式
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```swift
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Text("Hello World")
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.font(.largeTitle)
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.foregroundColor(Color.green)
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.lineSpacing(50)
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.lineLimit(nil)
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.padding()
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```
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### Text 设置文本格式
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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```swift
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static let dateFormatter: DateFormatter = {
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let formatter = DateFormatter()
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formatter.dateStyle = .long
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return formatter
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}()
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var now = Date()
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var body: some View {
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Text("Task due date: \(now, formatter: Self.dateFormatter)")
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}
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```
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### Label
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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可以使用以下代码行在文本旁边设置图标。
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```swift
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Label("SwiftUI CheatSheet", systemImage: "up.icloud")
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```
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文档 - [Label](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/label)
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### Link
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可以设置URL,单击后将重定向到浏览器。
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```swift
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Link("Click me", destination: URL(string: "your_url")!)
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```
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文档 - [Label](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/link)
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### Image 图片
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
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显示与环境相关的图像的视图。
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```swift
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Image("foo") // 图像名称是foo
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```
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我们可以使用新的 `SF Symbols`
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```swift
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Image(systemName: "clock.fill")
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```
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您可以向系统图标集添加样式以匹配您使用的字体
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```swift
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Image(systemName: "cloud.heavyrain.fill")
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.foregroundColor(.red)
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.font(.title)
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Image(systemName: "clock")
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.foregroundColor(.red)
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.font(Font.system(.largeTitle).bold())
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```
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为图像添加样式
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```swift
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Image("foo")
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.resizable() // 调整大小以便填充所有可用空间
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.aspectRatio(contentMode: .fit)
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```
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文档 - [Image](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/image)
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### Shape
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创建矩形的步骤
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```swift
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Rectangle()
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.fill(Color.red)
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.frame(width: 200, height: 200)
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```
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创建圆的步骤
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```swift
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Circle()
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.fill(Color.blue)
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.frame(width: 50, height: 50)
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```
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文档 - [Image](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/shapes)
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### ProgressView 进度视图
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显示任务完成进度的视图。
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```swift
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@State private var progress = 0.5
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VStack {
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ProgressView(value: progress)
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Button("More", action: { progress += 0.05 })
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}
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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通过应用 `CircularProgressViewStyle`,可以将其用作 `UIActivityIndicatorView`。
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```swift
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ProgressView(value: progress)
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.progressViewStyle(CircularProgressViewStyle())
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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文档 - [ProgressView](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/progressview)
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### Map 地图界面的视图
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-3-->
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显示指定区域的地图
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```swift
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import MapKit
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@State var region = MKCoordinateRegion(center: .init(latitude: 37.334722, longitude: -122.008889), latitudinalMeters: 300, longitudinalMeters: 300)
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Map(coordinateRegion: $region)
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```
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<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
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您可以通过指定 `interactionModes`(使用`[]`禁用所有交互)来控制地图的交互。
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```swift
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struct PinItem: Identifiable {
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let id = UUID()
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let coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D
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}
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Map(coordinateRegion: $region,
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interactionModes: [],
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showsUserLocation: true,
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userTrackingMode: nil,
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annotationItems: [PinItem(coordinate: .init(latitude: 37.334722, longitude: -122.008889))]) { item in
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MapMarker(coordinate: item.coordinate)
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}
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```
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文档 - [Map](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/mapkit/map)
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Layout(布局)
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----
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### Background
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将图像用作背景
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```swift
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Text("Hello World")
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.font(.largeTitle)
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.background(
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Image("hello_world")
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.resizable()
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.frame(width: 100, height: 100)
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)
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```
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### VStack
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以垂直线排列其子项的视图
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```swift
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VStack (alignment: .center, spacing: 20){
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Text("Hello")
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Divider()
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Text("World")
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}
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```
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创建静态可滚动列表。文档 - [VStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/vstack)
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### HStack
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将其子级排列在一条水平线上的视图。
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创建静态可滚动列表
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```swift
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HStack (alignment: .center, spacing: 20){
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Text("Hello")
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Divider()
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Text("World")
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}
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```
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文档 - [HStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/hstack)
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### LazyVStack
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`iOS 14` 一种视图,将其子级排列在垂直增长的线中,仅在需要时创建项。
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```swift
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ScrollView {
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LazyVStack(alignment: .leading) {
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ForEach(1...100, id: \.self) {
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Text("Row \($0)")
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}
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}
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}
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```
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文档 - [LazyVStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/lazyvstack)
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### LazyHStack
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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将子项排列在水平增长的线中的视图,仅在需要时创建项。
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```swift
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ScrollView(.horizontal) {
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LazyHStack(alignment: .center, spacing: 20) {
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ForEach(1...100, id: \.self) {
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Text("Column \($0)")
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}
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}
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}
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```
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文档 - [LazyHStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/lazyhstack)
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### ZStack
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覆盖其子项的视图,使子项在两个轴上对齐。
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```swift
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ZStack {
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Text("Hello")
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.padding(10)
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.background(Color.red)
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.opacity(0.8)
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Text("World")
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.padding(20)
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.background(Color.red)
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.offset(x: 0, y: 40)
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}
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```
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文档 - [ZStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/zstack)
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### LazyVGrid
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<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
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容器视图,将其子视图排列在垂直增长的网格中,仅在需要时创建项目。
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```swift
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var columns: [GridItem] = Array(repeating: .init(.fixed(20)), count: 5)
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|
|
|
ScrollView {
|
|
|
|
|
LazyVGrid(columns: columns) {
|
|
|
|
|
ForEach((0...100), id: \.self) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("\($0)").background(Color.pink)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [LazyVGrid](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/lazyvgrid)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### LazyHGrid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
一种容器视图,将其子视图排列在水平增长的网格中,仅在需要时创建项目。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
var rows: [GridItem] =
|
|
|
|
|
Array(
|
|
|
|
|
repeating: .init(.fixed(20)), count: 2
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ScrollView(.horizontal) {
|
|
|
|
|
LazyHGrid(rows: rows, alignment: .top) {
|
|
|
|
|
ForEach((0...100), id: \.self) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("\($0)").background(Color.pink)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [LazyHGrid](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/lazyhgrid)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Spacer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
沿其包含的堆栈布局的主轴或如果不包含在堆栈中的两个轴上扩展的灵活空间。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
HStack {
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "clock")
|
|
|
|
|
Spacer()
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Time")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Spacer](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/spacer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Divider
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
可用于分隔其他内容的视觉元素。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
HStack {
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "clock")
|
|
|
|
|
Divider()
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Time")
|
|
|
|
|
}.fixedSize()
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Divider](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/divider)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Input(输入)
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Toggle 开关选择器
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在打开和关闭状态之间切换的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var isShowing = true // toggle state
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Toggle(isOn: $isShowing) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello World")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果您的 `Toggle` 的标签只有 `Text`,则可以使用此更简单的签名进行初始化。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Toggle("Hello World", isOn: $isShowing)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Toggle](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/toggle)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Button 按钮控件
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在触发时执行操作的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Button(
|
|
|
|
|
action: {
|
|
|
|
|
print("did tap")
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
label: { Text("Click Me") }
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果 `Button` 的标签仅为 `Text`,则可以使用此更简单的签名进行初始化。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Click Me") {
|
|
|
|
|
print("did tap")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
您可以通过此按钮了解一下
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Button(action: {
|
|
|
|
|
// 退出应用
|
|
|
|
|
NSApplication.shared.terminate(self)
|
|
|
|
|
}, label: {
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "clock")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Click Me")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Subtitle")
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
.foregroundColor(Color.white)
|
|
|
|
|
.padding()
|
|
|
|
|
.background(Color.blue)
|
|
|
|
|
.cornerRadius(5)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Button](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/button)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### TextField 输入框
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
显示可编辑文本界面的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var name: String = "John"
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
TextField("Name's placeholder", text: $name)
|
|
|
|
|
.textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
.padding()
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
取消编辑框焦点样式。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
extension NSTextField { // << workaround !!!
|
|
|
|
|
open override var focusRingType: NSFocusRingType {
|
|
|
|
|
get { .none }
|
|
|
|
|
set { }
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如何居中放置 `TextField` 的文本
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
struct ContentView: View {
|
|
|
|
|
@State var text: String = "TextField Text"
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
TextField("Placeholder Text", text: $text)
|
|
|
|
|
.padding(.all, 20)
|
|
|
|
|
.multilineTextAlignment(.center)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [TextField](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/textfield)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### SecureField 密码输入框
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用户安全地输入私人文本的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var password: String = "1234"
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
SecureField($password)
|
|
|
|
|
.textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
.padding()
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [SecureField](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/securefield)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### TextEditor 多行可滚动文本编辑器
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
可以显示和编辑长格式文本的视图。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State private var fullText: String = "这是一些可编辑的文本..."
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
TextEditor(text: $fullText)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
设置 `TextEditor` 背景颜色
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
extension NSTextView {
|
|
|
|
|
open override var frame: CGRect {
|
|
|
|
|
didSet {
|
|
|
|
|
backgroundColor = .clear
|
|
|
|
|
// drawsBackground = true
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
struct DetailContent: View {
|
|
|
|
|
@State private var profileText: String = "输入您的简历"
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
VSplitView(){
|
|
|
|
|
TextEditor(text: $profileText)
|
|
|
|
|
.background(Color.red)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [TextEditor](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/texteditor)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### DatePicker 日期控件
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
日期选择器(DatePicker)的样式也会根据其祖先而改变。 在 `Form` 或 `List` 下,它显示为单个列表行,您可以点击以展开到日期选择器(就像日历应用程序一样)。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var selectedDate = Date()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var dateClosedRange: ClosedRange<Date> {
|
|
|
|
|
let min = Calendar.current.date(byAdding: .day, value: -1, to: Date())!
|
|
|
|
|
let max = Calendar.current.date(byAdding: .day, value: 1, to: Date())!
|
|
|
|
|
return min...max
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
Form {
|
|
|
|
|
Section {
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker(
|
|
|
|
|
selection: $selectedDate,
|
|
|
|
|
in: dateClosedRange,
|
|
|
|
|
displayedComponents: .date,
|
|
|
|
|
label: { Text("Due Date") }
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在表格和列表的外部,它显示为普通的轮式拾取器
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var selectedDate = Date()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var dateClosedRange: ClosedRange<Date> {
|
|
|
|
|
let min = Calendar.current.date(byAdding: .day, value: -1, to: Date())!
|
|
|
|
|
let max = Calendar.current.date(byAdding: .day, value: 1, to: Date())!
|
|
|
|
|
return min...max
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker(selection: $selectedDate, in: dateClosedRange,
|
|
|
|
|
displayedComponents: [.hourAndMinute, .date],
|
|
|
|
|
label: { Text("Due Date") }
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果 `DatePicker` 的标签仅是纯文本,则可以使用此更简单的签名进行初始化。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker("Due Date", selection: $selectedDate, in: dateClosedRange,
|
|
|
|
|
displayedComponents: [.hourAndMinute, .date])
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
可以使用 `ClosedRange`,`PartialRangeThrough` 和 `PartialRangeFrom` 来设置 `minimumDate` 和 `maximumDate`。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker("Minimum Date", selection: $selectedDate,
|
|
|
|
|
in: Date()...,
|
|
|
|
|
displayedComponents: [.date])
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker("Maximum Date", selection: $selectedDate,
|
|
|
|
|
in: ...Date(),
|
|
|
|
|
displayedComponents: [.date])
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [DatePicker](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/datepicker)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Slider 滑动输入条
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用于从值的有界线性范围中选择一个值的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var progress: Float = 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Slider(value: $progress,
|
|
|
|
|
from: 0.0,
|
|
|
|
|
through: 100.0,
|
|
|
|
|
by: 5.0)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
滑块缺少 `minimumValueImage` 和 `maximumValueImage`,但是我们可以通过 `HStack` 轻松地复制它
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var progress: Float = 0
|
|
|
|
|
HStack {
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "sun.min")
|
|
|
|
|
Slider(value: $progress,
|
|
|
|
|
from: 0.0,
|
|
|
|
|
through: 100.0,
|
|
|
|
|
by: 5.0)
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "sun.max.fill")
|
|
|
|
|
}.padding()
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Slider](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/slider)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Picker 选择控件
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用于从一组互斥值中进行选择的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
选择器样式的更改基于其祖先,在 `Form` 或 `List` 下,它显示为单个列表行,您可以点击以进入一个显示所有可能选项的新屏幕。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
Form {
|
|
|
|
|
Section {
|
|
|
|
|
Picker(selection: $selection,
|
|
|
|
|
label: Text("Picker Name"),
|
|
|
|
|
content: {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Value 1").tag(0)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Value 2").tag(1)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Value 3").tag(2)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Value 4").tag(3)
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
2022-11-11 01:51:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2022-10-25 14:47:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
您可以使用 `.pickerStyle(WheelPickerStyle())` 覆盖样式。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var mapChoioce = 0
|
|
|
|
|
var settings = ["Map", "Transit", "Satellite"]
|
|
|
|
|
Picker("Options", selection: $mapChoioce) {
|
|
|
|
|
ForEach(0 ..< settings.count) { index in
|
|
|
|
|
Text(self.settings[index])
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(index)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}.pickerStyle(SegmentedPickerStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在 `SwiftUI` 中,`UISegmentedControl` 只是 `Picker`的另一种样式。分段控制(SegmentedControl)在 `iOS 13` 中也焕然一新。文档 - [Picker](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/picker)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Stepper 执行语义递增和递减操作的控件
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用于执行语义递增和递减操作的控件。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var quantity: Int = 0
|
|
|
|
|
Stepper(
|
|
|
|
|
value: $quantity,
|
|
|
|
|
in: 0...10,
|
|
|
|
|
label: { Text("Quantity \(quantity)")}
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果 `Stepper` 的标签只有 `Text`,则可以使用此更简单的签名进行初始化。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Stepper(
|
|
|
|
|
"Quantity \(quantity)",
|
|
|
|
|
value: $quantity,
|
|
|
|
|
in: 0...10
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果要完全控制,他们可以提供裸机步进器,您可以在其中管理自己的数据源。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var quantity: Int = 0
|
|
|
|
|
Stepper(onIncrement: {
|
|
|
|
|
self.quantity += 1
|
|
|
|
|
}, onDecrement: {
|
|
|
|
|
self.quantity -= 1
|
|
|
|
|
}, label: { Text("Quantity \(quantity)") })
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
如果您还为带有 `step` 的初始化程序的每个步骤指定了一个值的数量。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Stepper(
|
|
|
|
|
value: $quantity, in: 0...10, step: 2
|
|
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Quantity \(quantity)")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Stepper](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/stepper)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Tap
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
对于单次敲击
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Tap me!").onTapGesture {
|
|
|
|
|
print("Tapped!")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用于双击
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Tap me!").onTapGesture(count: 2) {
|
|
|
|
|
print("Tapped!")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Gesture 手势
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
手势如轻敲手势、长按手势、拖拉手势
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Tap")
|
|
|
|
|
.gesture(
|
|
|
|
|
TapGesture()
|
|
|
|
|
.onEnded { _ in
|
|
|
|
|
// do something
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Drag Me")
|
|
|
|
|
.gesture(
|
|
|
|
|
DragGesture(minimumDistance: 50)
|
|
|
|
|
.onEnded { _ in
|
|
|
|
|
// do something
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Long Press")
|
|
|
|
|
.gesture(
|
|
|
|
|
LongPressGesture(minimumDuration: 2)
|
|
|
|
|
.onEnded { _ in
|
|
|
|
|
// do something
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### OnChange
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
onChange 是一个新的视图修改器,可用于所有 SwiftUI 视图。它允许您侦听状态更改并相应地对视图执行操作
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
TextEditor(text: $currentText)
|
|
|
|
|
.onChange(of: clearText) { value in
|
|
|
|
|
if clearText{
|
|
|
|
|
currentText = ""
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
List(列表)
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### List 列表
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
一个容器,用于显示排列在单列中的数据行。创建静态可滚动列表
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
List {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello world")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello world")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello world")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 创建动态列表
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
let names = ["John", "Apple", "Seed"]
|
|
|
|
|
List(names) { name in
|
|
|
|
|
Text(name)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
添加 `Section`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
List {
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("UIKit"), footer: Text("We will miss you")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("UITableView")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("SwiftUI"), footer: Text("A lot to learn")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("List")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 可混合的列表
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
List {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello world")
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "clock")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 使其分组
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
添加 `.listStyle(GroupedListStyle())`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
List {
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("UIKit"),
|
|
|
|
|
footer: Text("我们会想念你的")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("UITableView")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("SwiftUI"),
|
|
|
|
|
footer: Text("要学的东西很多")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("List")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}.listStyle(GroupedListStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:className=wrap-text -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 插入分组
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2 row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
要使其插入分组(`.insetGrouped`),请添加 `.listStyle(GroupedListStyle())` 并强制使用常规水平尺寸类 ``.environment(\.horizontalSizeClass, .regular)``。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
List {
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("UIKit"), footer: Text("We will miss you")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("UITableView")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Section(header: Text("SwiftUI"), footer: Text("A lot to learn")) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("List")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}.listStyle(GroupedListStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
.environment(\.horizontalSizeClass, .regular)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
> 插图分组已添加到 `iOS 13.2` 中的 `SwiftUI`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
在 `iOS 14` 中,我们为此设置了专用样式。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
.listStyle(InsetGroupedListStyle())
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [List](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/list)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### ScrollView 滚动视图
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
滚动视图。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
ScrollView(alwaysBounceVertical: true) {
|
|
|
|
|
Image("foo")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello World")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [ScrollView](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/scrollview)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Containers(容器)
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### NavigationView
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`NavigationView` 或多或少类似于 `UINavigationController`,它处理视图之间的导航,显示标题,将导航栏放在顶部。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
.navigationBarTitle(Text("World"), displayMode: .inline)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
大标题使用 `.large` 将条形图项添加到导航视图
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
.navigationBarTitle(Text("World"), displayMode: .inline)
|
|
|
|
|
.navigationBarItems(
|
|
|
|
|
trailing:
|
|
|
|
|
Button(
|
|
|
|
|
action: { print("Going to Setting") },
|
|
|
|
|
label: { Text("Setting") }
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### NavigationLink
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
按下时触发导航演示的按钮。这是 `pushViewController` 的替代品
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationLink(destination:
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Detail")
|
|
|
|
|
.navigationBarTitle(Text("Detail"))
|
|
|
|
|
) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Push")
|
|
|
|
|
}.navigationBarTitle(Text("Master"))
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
或者通过将组目标添加到自己的视图 `DetailView` 中,使其更具可读性
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationLink(destination: DetailView()) {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Push")
|
|
|
|
|
}.navigationBarTitle(Text("Master"))
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Group
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Group 创建多个视图作为一个视图,同时也避免了 Stack 的10视图最大限制
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
VStack {
|
|
|
|
|
Group {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
Group {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Hello")
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### TabView
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
一个视图,允许使用可交互的用户界面元素在多个子视图之间进行切换。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
TabView {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("First View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem({ Text("First") })
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(0)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Second View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem({ Text("Second") })
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(1)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
图像和文本在一起。 您可以在此处使用 `SF Symbol`。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
TabView {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("First View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem({
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "circle")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("First")
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(0)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Second View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem(VStack {
|
|
|
|
|
Image("second")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Second")
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(1)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
或者您可以省略 `VStack`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
TabView {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("First View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem({
|
|
|
|
|
Image(systemName: "circle")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("First")
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(0)
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Second View")
|
|
|
|
|
.font(.title)
|
|
|
|
|
.tabItem({
|
|
|
|
|
Image("second")
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Second")
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
.tag(1)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Form
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
用于对用于数据输入的控件(例如在设置或检查器中)进行分组的容器。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
NavigationView {
|
|
|
|
|
Form {
|
|
|
|
|
Section {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Plain Text")
|
|
|
|
|
Stepper(value: $quantity, in: 0...10, label: { Text("Quantity") })
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
Section {
|
|
|
|
|
DatePicker($date, label: { Text("Due Date") })
|
|
|
|
|
Picker(selection: $selection, label:
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Picker Name")
|
|
|
|
|
, content: {
|
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|
Text("Value 1").tag(0)
|
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|
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|
Text("Value 2").tag(1)
|
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|
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|
Text("Value 3").tag(2)
|
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|
|
|
Text("Value 4").tag(3)
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
您几乎可以在此表单中放入任何内容,它将为表单呈现适当的样式。文档 - [Form](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/form)
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
### Modal
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Modal 过渡。我们可以显示基于布尔的 Modal。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var isModal: Bool = false
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
var modal: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
Text("Modal")
|
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|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Modal") {
|
|
|
|
|
self.isModal = true
|
|
|
|
|
}.sheet(isPresented: $isModal, content: {
|
|
|
|
|
self.modal
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
文档 - [Sheet](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/view/3352791-sheet)
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Alert
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
警报演示的容器。我们可以根据布尔值显示Alert。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var isError: Bool = false
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Alert") {
|
|
|
|
|
self.isError = true
|
|
|
|
|
}.alert(isPresented: $isError, content: {
|
|
|
|
|
Alert(title: Text("Error"),
|
|
|
|
|
message: Text("Error Reason"),
|
|
|
|
|
dismissButton: .default(Text("OK"))
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Alert 也与可识别项绑定
|
|
|
|
|
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var error: AlertError?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Alert Error") {
|
|
|
|
|
self.error = AlertError(reason: "Reason")
|
|
|
|
|
}.alert(item: $error, content: { error in
|
|
|
|
|
alert(reason: error.reason)
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func alert(reason: String) -> Alert {
|
|
|
|
|
Alert(title: Text("Error"),
|
|
|
|
|
message: Text(reason),
|
|
|
|
|
dismissButton: .default(Text("OK"))
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
struct AlertError: Identifiable {
|
|
|
|
|
var id: String {
|
|
|
|
|
return reason
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
let reason: String
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [Alert](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/alert)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### ActionSheet
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
操作表演示文稿的存储类型。我们可以显示基于布尔值的 `ActionSheet`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var isSheet: Bool = false
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var actionSheet: ActionSheet {
|
|
|
|
|
ActionSheet(title: Text("Action"),
|
|
|
|
|
message: Text("Description"),
|
|
|
|
|
buttons: [
|
|
|
|
|
.default(Text("OK"), action: {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}),
|
|
|
|
|
.destructive(Text("Delete"), action: {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Action Sheet") {
|
|
|
|
|
self.isSheet = true
|
|
|
|
|
}.actionSheet(isPresented: $isSheet,
|
|
|
|
|
content: {
|
|
|
|
|
self.actionSheet
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### ActionSheet 也与可识别项绑定
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```swift
|
|
|
|
|
@State var sheetDetail: SheetDetail?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var body: some View {
|
|
|
|
|
Button("Action Sheet") {
|
|
|
|
|
self.sheetDetail = ModSheetDetail(body: "Detail")
|
|
|
|
|
}.actionSheet(item: $sheetDetail, content: { detail in
|
|
|
|
|
self.sheet(detail: detail.body)
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
func sheet(detail: String) -> ActionSheet {
|
|
|
|
|
ActionSheet(title: Text("Action"),
|
|
|
|
|
message: Text(detail),
|
|
|
|
|
buttons: [
|
|
|
|
|
.default(Text("OK"), action: {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}),
|
|
|
|
|
.destructive(Text("Delete"), action: {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
struct SheetDetail: Identifiable {
|
|
|
|
|
var id: String {
|
|
|
|
|
return body
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
let body: String
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
文档 - [ActionSheet](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/actionsheet)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
另见
|
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- [SwiftUI 2.0 Cheat Sheet](https://github.com/SimpleBoilerplates/SwiftUI-Cheat-Sheet) _(github.com)_
|
|
|
|
|
- [SwiftUI 2.0 备忘清单](https://wangchujiang.com/swiftui-example/cheat-sheet.html) _(swiftui-example)_
|
2022-11-11 01:51:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- [Swift 备忘清单](./swift.mdl) _(jaywcjlove.github.io)_
|